I. Ndabere Ngwa
Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate (HMTBa-Ca) bụ ụdị nnu calcium nke methionine hydroxy analogue (aha kemịkalụ: Calcium bis(2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate)). Ọ naghị enye usoro amino nke nwere nitrogen kpọmkwem kama ọ na-enye ọkpụkpụ carbon methionine n'ụdị hydroxy analogue. A na-agbanwe ya na metabolic n'ime ahụ iji mepụta L-methionine na-arụ ọrụ na bayoloji, nke na-esonye na mmepụta protein na usoro metabolic dị iche iche.
Methionine bụ otu n'ime amino acid ndị a na-ahụkarị n'ime anụ ụlọ na anụ ọkụkọ, ọkachasị ndị na-enwe ụkọ nri sitere na ọka na soybean. Iji mezuo ihe achọrọ maka nri anụmanụ maka methionine, a na-agbakwunye DL-methionine na nri. Agbanyeghị, methionine hydroxy analogues na nnu calcium ha na-enweta nlebara anya nwayọ nwayọ dị ka isi mmalite methionine ọhụrụ. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere DL-methionine, HMTBa-Ca na-enye nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ ka mma na mgbanwe nhazi, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma maka nchekwa nri n'oge a na-eme ka nri pellet na nhazi okpomọkụ dị elu.
Ụlọ Ọrụ Nchekwa Nri nke Europe (EFSA) mere nyocha usoro maka nchekwa na irè nke HMTBa na nnu calcium ya, na-akwado nchekwa ya dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri maka ụdị anụmanụ niile. Ọ naghị ahapụ ihe fọdụrụ n'anụmanụ ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa anụmanụ, ọ naghịkwa etinye nnukwu ihe egwu gburugburu ebe obibi, na-enye nkwado iwu maka ojiji ya na nri anụmanụ.
II. Mmetụta Ngwa
Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosila na HMTBa-Ca, dịka isi iyi methionine, nwere ike ime ka uto anụmanụ ka mma ma melite arụmọrụ ojiji nri. N'ime ezi, anụ ọkụkọ, na anụmanụ mmiri, mgbakwunye na HMTBa-Ca nwere ike ịbawanye uru kwa ụbọchị, oke mgbanwe nri, na ojiji nitrogen ma belata mwepụta nitrogen. Nke a bara uru karịsịa maka nri amino acid dị obere ma ọ bụ nke a haziri nke ọma.
N'ime ọkụkọ, mgbakwunye HMTBa-Ca abụghị naanị na ọ na-enyere aka ime ka mmepụta dịkwuo mma kamakwa ọ na-eme ka ikike antioxidant dịkwuo mma, ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, na ahụike eriri afọ dịkwuo mma. N'ime ọkụkọ ndị na-amụ nwa, ojiji kwesịrị ekwesị ya na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe arụmọrụ nke ịmụ nwa ma melite mma akwa. N'ime anụmanụ mmiri, ka oke nke ihe ndị sitere na protein sitere na osisi na-abawanye, ụkọ methionine na-apụta ìhè. Nnyocha na-egosi na HMTBa-Ca nwere ike ịbụ isi iyi mgbakwunye dị irè, na-eme ka ọnụego uto na ntinye protein ahụ dịkwuo mma.
Dịka ihe na-ebute methionine, HMTBa-Ca nwere ike ịkwalite ojiji nke amino acid dị mkpa na njikọ protein n'ime ahụ ma melite nhazi ahụ site na ịchịkwa ụzọ metabolic ndị metụtara ya. Ọ bụ ezie na arụmọrụ ya n'ozuzu ya dị ala karịa nke DL-methionine, ọ ka na-egosi uru nri dị elu n'ọtụtụ anụmanụ. N'iji ihe bara uru eme ihe, enwere ike iji ihe mgbanwe mepụta ọkwa mgbakwunye kwesịrị ekwesị.
III. Usoro Ọrụ
Usoro ọrụ nke HMTBa-Ca bụ isi n'ọrụ ya dị ka ihe na-ebute methionine nke na-esonye na metabolism dị n'ime. A na-agbanwe HMTBa-Ca ka ọ bụrụ L-methionine na usoro nri site na mmeghachi omume enzymatic na metabolism microbial. Ọ na-esonye na mmepụta protein, metabolism otu-carbon, na nhazi nke sistemụ antioxidant (dịka njikọ glutathione), na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi amino acid na imeziwanye arụmọrụ ojiji nri.
Ma e jiri ya tụnyere DL-methionine, ụzọ nnabata na usoro metabolic nke HMTBa-Ca dịtụ iche. Ọdịdị analogue ya nke hydroxy na-enye oke nkwụsi ike, ọkachasị na-egosipụta ụfọdụ njirimara rumen bypass na anụ, nke na-enyere aka ịbawanye nnweta methionine dị na obere eriri afọ.
IV. Ụdị Anụmanụ Ndị A Na-achọkarị
1. Ezi (Ezi a na-eme ka ọ ghara ịpụ apụ, ezi ndị na-eto eto)
N'ihe gbasara nri ezi, methionine bụ otu n'ime amino acid ndị na-egbochi ya. Ọmụmụ ihe egosila na ịgbakwunye HMTBa-Ca na nri nwere obere protein ma ọ bụ amino acid nwere ike ime ka ojiji nitrogen ka mma, kwalite ntinye protein, ma belata mwepụta nitrogen. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere DL-methionine ọdịnala, HMTBa-Ca nwere ike imezu ihe achọrọ maka methionine ma na-eme ka arụmọrụ ojiji amino acid ka mma. Ọ dabara nke ọma maka nhazi nri n'oge nrụgide ịhapụ nwa na ezì nwere oke anụ dị nro.
2. Anụ ọkụkọ (Ndị na-azụ anụ, ọkụkọ ndị na-etinye ọkụkọ, ndị na-azụ anụ)
N'ihe gbasara nri ọkụkọ, a na-eji HMTBa-Ca eme ihe nke ukwuu iji dochie ma ọ bụ dochie DL-methionine n'otu akụkụ. Nnyocha na-egosi na mgbakwunye ya nwere ike ime ka oke uru kwa ụbọchị na mgbanwe nri nke broilers dịkwuo mma ma nwee mmetụta dị mma na ikike antioxidant, paramita mgbochi ọrịa, na ahụike eriri afọ. N'ime ọkụkọ ndị na-ete ọkụkọ, mgbakwunye kwesịrị ekwesị nke HMTBa-Ca na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe arụmọrụ nke ịtọgbọ, melite mma àkwá, ma sonye na ịchịkwa metabolism protein na sulfur amino acid, nke dị mkpa karịsịa maka akwa ndị na-emepụta ihe dị elu.
3. Anụmanụ Ndị Dị n'Ahịa Mmiri (Azụ̀, Ndị Crustaceans)
N'ihe gbasara nri mmiri, n'ihi mmụba nke ihe ndị sitere na protein sitere na osisi, ụkọ methionine apụtala ìhè. Ọtụtụ nnyocha na-egosi na HMTBa-Ca nwere ike ịbụ isi iyi methionine dị irè n'ime nri azụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, seabass, trout), na-eme ka ọnụego uto, ojiji nri, na ntinye protein ahụ dịkwuo mma. Nkwụsi ike ya na mgbanwe ya na gburugburu mmiri na-enye ya ohere itinye ya n'ọrụ dị mma na nri mmiri e mepụtara.
4. Anụmanụ (Ehi mmiri ara ehi, ehi ehi, atụrụ)
N'adịghị ka anụ ndị na-abụghị anụ, methionine dị na nri anụ nwere oke mbelata site na mmebi site na nje ndị na-adịghị na rumen, nke na-eme ka ụdị mgbakwunye methionine dị irè dị oke mkpa. Nnyocha na-egosi na methionine hydroxy analogues (gụnyere ụdị nnu calcium ha) nwere ụfọdụ iguzogide mmebi na rumen, na-enye ohere ka a gbapụ akụkụ ụfọdụ site na ịgbaze nje rumen ma gbanwee gaa na methionine a na-eji eme ihe na obere eriri afọ, si otú a na-amụba nnweta protein a na-agbanwe agbanwe.
V. Mmechi na Echiche
Na nchịkọta, HMTBa-Ca, dịka isi mmalite mgbakwunye methionine ọhụrụ, na-egosi ikike itinye n'ọrụ dị mma na nri anụmanụ. Nnyocha n'ọdịnihu kwesịrị ilekwasị anya na usoro maka imeziwanye arụmọrụ ya na ihe ndị dị ndụ, ịchọpụta ọkwa mgbakwunye ziri ezi maka ụdị anụmanụ dị iche iche na ọkwa uto, yana ịchọpụta mmetụta ya na ihe mgbakwunye nri ndị ọzọ. Nke a ga-akwalite ojiji ya bara uru ma dị irè na sistemụ nri ọgbara ọhụrụ.
Oge ozi: Feb-03-2026
